8. Operational Procedures

Objective

Establish daily operational procedures to maintain and optimize the Identity Governance system, including automation workflows and operational procedures.

Step 1: Create Operational Dashboard

1.1 Create Operations Dashboard

  1. Open Amazon CloudWatch console
  2. Click Dashboards
  3. Click Create dashboard
  4. Enter dashboard name: IdentityGovernanceOperations
  5. Add widgets for:
    • Daily certification status
    • Risk assessment trends
    • System health metrics
    • Operational KPIs

Step 2: Create Daily Operations Lambda

2.1 Create Lambda Function

  1. Open AWS Lambda console
  2. Click Create function
  3. Enter function details:
    • Function name: DailyOperationsEngine
    • Runtime: Python 3.9

Navigate to S3

2.2 Configure Code for Daily Operations

  1. Replace default code:
import json
import boto3
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from decimal import Decimal

def lambda_handler(event, context):
    print("Daily Operations Engine Started")
    
    # Initialize AWS clients
    dynamodb = boto3.resource('dynamodb')
    sns = boto3.client('sns')
    ses = boto3.client('ses')
    
    try:
        # Perform daily operations
        operations_report = perform_daily_operations(dynamodb)
        
        # Generate daily report
        daily_report = generate_daily_report(operations_report)
        
        # Send notifications
        send_daily_notifications(sns, ses, daily_report)
        
        # Store operations log
        store_operations_log(dynamodb, operations_report)
        
        return {
            'statusCode': 200,
            'body': json.dumps({
                'message': 'Daily operations completed',
                'report': daily_report
            })
        }
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'Error in daily operations: {str(e)}')
        return {
            'statusCode': 500,
            'body': json.dumps(f'Error: {str(e)}')
        }

def perform_daily_operations(dynamodb):
    """Perform daily operational tasks"""
    
    operations_report = {
        'date': datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
        'certification_status': check_certification_status(dynamodb),
        'risk_summary': get_risk_summary(dynamodb),
        'system_health': check_system_health(dynamodb),
        'compliance_status': check_compliance_status(dynamodb)
    }
    
    return operations_report

def check_certification_status(dynamodb):
    """Check certification status for the day"""
    table = dynamodb.Table('AccessCertifications')
    
    # Get certifications from last 24 hours
    yesterday = (datetime.now() - timedelta(days=1)).isoformat()
    
    response = table.scan(
        FilterExpression='CertificationDate > :date',
        ExpressionAttributeValues={':date': yesterday}
    )
    
    total_certifications = len(response['Items'])
    
    # Count by status
    status_counts = {}
    for item in response['Items']:
        status = item.get('Status', 'Unknown')
        status_counts[status] = status_counts.get(status, 0) + 1
    
    return {
        'total_certifications': total_certifications,
        'status_breakdown': status_counts,
        'completion_rate': calculate_completion_rate(status_counts)
    }

def get_risk_summary(dynamodb):
    """Get current risk summary"""
    table = dynamodb.Table('RiskAssessments')
    
    # Get latest risk assessments
    response = table.scan(
        FilterExpression='AssessmentType = :type',
        ExpressionAttributeValues={':type': 'User Risk Assessment'}
    )
    
    risk_summary = {'LOW': 0, 'MEDIUM': 0, 'HIGH': 0, 'CRITICAL': 0}
    total_users = 0
    
    for item in response['Items']:
        risk_level = item.get('RiskLevel', 'LOW')
        if risk_level in risk_summary:
            risk_summary[risk_level] += 1
            total_users += 1
    
    return {
        'total_users': total_users,
        'risk_distribution': risk_summary,
        'high_risk_percentage': ((risk_summary['HIGH'] + risk_summary['CRITICAL']) / max(total_users, 1)) * 100
    }

def check_system_health(dynamodb):
    """Check overall system health"""
    
    # Check if all components are functioning
    health_status = {
        'certification_engine': check_lambda_health('AccessCertificationTrigger'),
        'privilege_analytics': check_lambda_health('PrivilegeAnalyticsEngine'),
        'risk_assessment': check_lambda_health('RiskAssessmentEngine'),
        'custom_metrics': check_lambda_health('CustomMetricsPublisher'),
        'database_health': check_dynamodb_health(dynamodb)
    }
    
    overall_health = all(health_status.values())
    
    return {
        'overall_status': 'HEALTHY' if overall_health else 'DEGRADED',
        'component_status': health_status
    }

def check_compliance_status(dynamodb):
    """Check compliance status"""
    
    # Calculate compliance metrics
    cert_table = dynamodb.Table('AccessCertifications')
    risk_table = dynamodb.Table('RiskAssessments')
    
    # Get recent certifications
    thirty_days_ago = (datetime.now() - timedelta(days=30)).isoformat()
    
    cert_response = cert_table.scan(
        FilterExpression='CertificationDate > :date',
        ExpressionAttributeValues={':date': thirty_days_ago}
    )
    
    recent_certifications = len(cert_response['Items'])
    
    # Get high-risk users
    risk_response = risk_table.scan(
        FilterExpression='AssessmentType = :type AND RiskLevel IN (:high, :critical)',
        ExpressionAttributeValues={
            ':type': 'User Risk Assessment',
            ':high': 'HIGH',
            ':critical': 'CRITICAL'
        }
    )
    
    high_risk_users = len(risk_response['Items'])
    
    # Calculate compliance score
    compliance_score = calculate_compliance_score(recent_certifications, high_risk_users)
    
    return {
        'compliance_score': compliance_score,
        'recent_certifications': recent_certifications,
        'high_risk_users': high_risk_users,
        'status': 'COMPLIANT' if compliance_score >= 80 else 'NON_COMPLIANT'
    }

def calculate_completion_rate(status_counts):
    """Calculate certification completion rate"""
    total = sum(status_counts.values())
    completed = status_counts.get('Completed', 0) + status_counts.get('Approved', 0)
    return (completed / max(total, 1)) * 100

def check_lambda_health(function_name):
    """Check Lambda function health (simplified)"""
    # In real implementation, check CloudWatch metrics
    return True

def check_dynamodb_health(dynamodb):
    """Check DynamoDB health"""
    try:
        # Simple health check by listing tables
        tables = ['AccessCertifications', 'RiskAssessments']
        for table_name in tables:
            table = dynamodb.Table(table_name)
            table.table_status  # This will raise exception if table doesn't exist
        return True
    except Exception:
        return False

def calculate_compliance_score(recent_certs, high_risk_users):
    """Calculate overall compliance score"""
    base_score = 100
    
    # Deduct points for lack of recent certifications
    if recent_certs < 10:
        base_score -= 20
    elif recent_certs < 20:
        base_score -= 10
    
    # Deduct points for high-risk users
    if high_risk_users > 10:
        base_score -= 30
    elif high_risk_users > 5:
        base_score -= 15
    elif high_risk_users > 0:
        base_score -= 5
    
    return max(base_score, 0)

def generate_daily_report(operations_report):
    """Generate daily operations report"""
    
    report = {
        'date': operations_report['date'],
        'summary': {
            'total_certifications': operations_report['certification_status']['total_certifications'],
            'completion_rate': round(operations_report['certification_status']['completion_rate'], 2),
            'high_risk_users': operations_report['risk_summary']['risk_distribution']['HIGH'] + 
                             operations_report['risk_summary']['risk_distribution']['CRITICAL'],
            'system_status': operations_report['system_health']['overall_status'],
            'compliance_score': operations_report['compliance_status']['compliance_score']
        },
        'recommendations': generate_recommendations(operations_report)
    }
    
    return report

def generate_recommendations(operations_report):
    """Generate operational recommendations"""
    recommendations = []
    
    # Check completion rate
    completion_rate = operations_report['certification_status']['completion_rate']
    if completion_rate < 80:
        recommendations.append("Low certification completion rate. Consider sending reminder notifications.")
    
    # Check high-risk users
    high_risk_count = (operations_report['risk_summary']['risk_distribution']['HIGH'] + 
                      operations_report['risk_summary']['risk_distribution']['CRITICAL'])
    if high_risk_count > 5:
        recommendations.append(f"High number of high-risk users ({high_risk_count}). Review and remediate immediately.")
    
    # Check system health
    if operations_report['system_health']['overall_status'] != 'HEALTHY':
        recommendations.append("System health degraded. Check component status and resolve issues.")
    
    # Check compliance
    if operations_report['compliance_status']['status'] != 'COMPLIANT':
        recommendations.append("Compliance status is non-compliant. Review certification and risk management processes.")
    
    return recommendations

def send_daily_notifications(sns, ses, daily_report):
    """Send daily notifications"""
    
    # Prepare notification message
    message = format_daily_report_message(daily_report)
    
    # Send SNS notification
    try:
        sns.publish(
            TopicArn='arn:aws:sns:region:account:RiskAssessmentAlerts',  # Update with actual ARN
            Subject='Daily Identity Governance Report',
            Message=message
        )
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'Error sending SNS notification: {str(e)}')

def format_daily_report_message(report):
    """Format daily report message"""
    
    message = f"""
Daily Identity Governance Report - {report['date']}

SUMMARY:
- Total Certifications: {report['summary']['total_certifications']}
- Completion Rate: {report['summary']['completion_rate']}%
- High Risk Users: {report['summary']['high_risk_users']}
- System Status: {report['summary']['system_status']}
- Compliance Score: {report['summary']['compliance_score']}

RECOMMENDATIONS:
"""
    
    for rec in report['recommendations']:
        message += f"- {rec}\n"
    
    return message

def store_operations_log(dynamodb, operations_report):
    """Store daily operations log"""
    table = dynamodb.Table('RiskAssessments')
    
    table.put_item(
        Item={
            'AssessmentId': f"daily-ops-{operations_report['date']}",
            'AssessmentType': 'Daily Operations Report',
            'Date': operations_report['date'],
            'CertificationCount': operations_report['certification_status']['total_certifications'],
            'CompletionRate': Decimal(str(operations_report['certification_status']['completion_rate'])),
            'HighRiskUsers': operations_report['risk_summary']['risk_distribution']['HIGH'] + 
                           operations_report['risk_summary']['risk_distribution']['CRITICAL'],
            'SystemStatus': operations_report['system_health']['overall_status'],
            'ComplianceScore': operations_report['compliance_status']['compliance_score'],
            'ComplianceStatus': operations_report['compliance_status']['status']
        }
    )
  1. Click Deploy

2.3 Configure IAM Permissions

  1. Add permissions for Lambda:
    • AmazonDynamoDBFullAccess
    • AmazonSNSFullAccess
    • AmazonSESFullAccess

Step 3: Setup Automated Workflows

3.1 Create EventBridge Schedule for Daily Operations

  1. Open Amazon EventBridge console
  2. Click Create rule
  3. Configure rule:
    • Name: DailyOperationsSchedule
    • Rule type: Schedule
    • Schedule expression: cron(0 8 * * ? *) # Daily at 8:00 AM
    • Target: Lambda function DailyOperationsEngine

3.2 Create Weekly Summary Schedule

  1. Create additional EventBridge rule:
    • Name: WeeklyOperationsReview
    • Schedule expression: cron(0 9 ? * MON *) # Every Monday at 9:00 AM
  2. Configure to trigger weekly summary Lambda

3.3 Create Operations Notification Topics

  1. Open Amazon SNS console
  2. Create topic: DailyOperationsAlerts
  3. Add subscriptions for operations team
  4. Configure email notifications for daily reports

Step 4: Create Operational Runbooks

4.1 Create S3 Bucket for Documentation

  1. Open Amazon S3 console
  2. Create bucket: identity-governance-runbooks
  3. Create folder structure:
    • /sop/ - Standard Operating Procedures
    • /runbooks/ - Incident Response Runbooks
    • /templates/ - Document Templates
  4. Upload operational procedures and documentation

4.2 Create Systems Manager Documents

  1. Open AWS Systems Manager console
  2. Click DocumentsCreate document
  3. Create automation documents for common tasks:
    • Daily health checks
    • Incident response procedures
    • Emergency access procedures

Step 5: Test Operational Workflows

5.1 Test Daily Operations

  1. Run Lambda function DailyOperationsEngine manually
  2. Verify daily report is generated correctly
  3. Check SNS notifications are delivered
  4. Validate DynamoDB logging is working

5.2 Verify Operations Dashboard

  1. Check IdentityGovernanceOperations dashboard in CloudWatch
  2. Verify all widgets display correct metrics
  3. Test real-time metric updates
  4. Configure dashboard sharing for operations team

5.3 Test Automation Workflows

  1. Verify EventBridge scheduled executions
  2. Check error handling and retry logic
  3. Test notification delivery channels
  4. Validate logging and monitoring

Expected Results

After completion:

  • ✅ Automated daily operations workflows
  • ✅ Comprehensive operational dashboard
  • ✅ Daily and weekly reporting automation
  • ✅ Operational runbooks and procedures
  • ✅ Health monitoring and alerting
  • ✅ Compliance tracking and reporting

Next Steps

Proceed to 9. Audit Procedures to set up audit processes and compliance procedures. � �